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The Profound Significance of Eid ul Adha: Quranic Insights and Spiritual Depth ।। āψāĻĻুāϞ āφāϝāĻšাāϰ āĻ—āĻ­ীāϰ āϤাā§ŽāĻĒāϰ্āϝ: āĻ•ুāϰāφāύেāϰ āĻ…āύ্āϤāϰ্āĻĻৃāώ্āϟি āĻāĻŦং āφāϧ্āϝাāϤ্āĻŽিāĻ• āĻ—āĻ­ীāϰāϤা।

Deep Meaning of Eid ul Adha.

Eid ul Adha, also known as the "Festival of Sacrifice," is one of the most significant Islamic holidays celebrated worldwide by Muslims. It commemorates the profound act of obedience and faith demonstrated by Prophet Ibrahim (Abraham, peace be upon him) when he was willing to sacrifice his son, Prophet Ismail (Ishmael, peace be upon him), in submission to Allah’s command. At the critical moment, Allah provided a ram to be sacrificed instead, affirming Ibrahim’s unwavering devotion and trust in divine wisdom.

The deeper meaning of Eid ul Adha transcends the act of sacrifice itself. It embodies.

  1. Submission to Allah: The story reflects complete surrender to Allah’s will, emphasizing that true faith involves trusting divine commands even when they challenge human understanding or emotions.
  2. Sacrifice and Selflessness: The act of Qurbani (animal sacrifice) symbolizes sacrificing personal desires, ego, and material attachments for the sake of Allah. It teaches Muslims to prioritize spiritual values over worldly gains.
  3. Compassion and Charity: The meat from the sacrificed animal is divided into three parts: one for the family, one for relatives and friends, and one for the poor. This practice reinforces the importance of sharing, community, and caring for the less fortunate.
  4. Unity and Gratitude: Eid ul Adha fosters a sense of global Muslim unity, as it coincides with the Hajj pilgrimage, where millions gather in Mecca. It is a time to express gratitude for Allah’s blessings and reflect on spiritual growth.
  5. Test of Faith: The narrative underscores that life is a test, and believers must remain steadfast in their devotion, even in the face of trials.

Quranic Importance of Eid ul Adha.

The story of Prophet Ibrahim’s willingness to sacrifice his son is explicitly mentioned in the Quran, particularly in Surah As-Saffat (37:99–113). Key verses include:

  • Surah As-Saffat (37:102):
    And when he [Ismail] reached with him [Ibrahim] the age of exertion, he said, ‘O my son, indeed I have seen in a dream that I must sacrifice you, so see what you think.’ He said, ‘O my father, do as you are commanded. You will find me, if Allah wills, of the steadfast.
    This verse highlights the mutual faith and obedience of both Ibrahim and Ismail, showcasing their trust in Allah’s command.
  • Surah As-Saffat (37:104–105):
    And We called to him, ‘O Ibrahim, you have fulfilled the vision.’ Indeed, We thus reward the doers of good. Indeed, this was the clear trial.
    Allah acknowledges Ibrahim’s fulfillment of the command, sparing Ismail and replacing him with a ram, emphasizing divine mercy and reward for righteousness.
  • Surah Al-Hajj (22:34–37):
    And for every nation We have appointed a rite [of sacrifice] that they may mention the name of Allah over what He has provided for them of [sacrificial] animals. Their meat will not reach Allah, nor will their blood, but what reaches Him is piety from you.
    These verses clarify that the essence of Qurbani is not the physical act of slaughter but the sincerity, piety, and devotion behind it.

Eid ul Adha is thus rooted in the Quranic narrative of sacrifice, obedience, and divine mercy. It serves as a reminder of the spiritual significance of submitting to Allah and living a life of righteousness and compassion.

______________________________________________________________

In Bangla (āĻŦাংāϞাāϝ়)

āψāĻĻুāϞ āφāϝāĻšাāϰ āĻ—āĻ­ীāϰ āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨ:


āψāĻĻুāϞ āφāϝāĻšা, āϝা "āĻ•োāϰāĻŦাāύিāϰ āĻ‰ā§ŽāϏāĻŦ" āύাāĻŽেāĻ“ āĻĒāϰিāϚিāϤ, āĻŽুāϏāϞিāĻŽāĻĻেāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻ…āϤ্āϝāύ্āϤ āĻ—ুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āϧāϰ্āĻŽীāϝ় āĻ‰ā§ŽāϏāĻŦ। āĻāϟি āĻšāϝāϰāϤ āχāĻŦ্āϰাāĻšিāĻŽ (āφ.)-āĻāϰ āφāϞ্āϞাāĻšāϰ āφāĻĻেāĻļেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤি āĻ…āϟāϞ āφāύুāĻ—āϤ্āϝ āĻāĻŦং āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦাāϏেāϰ āϏ্āĻŽāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰাāϝ়, āϝিāύি āφāϞ্āϞাāĻšāϰ āύিāϰ্āĻĻেāĻļে āϤাঁāϰ āĻĒুāϤ্āϰ āĻšāϝāϰāϤ āχāϏāĻŽাāψāϞ (āφ.)-āĻ•ে āĻ•োāϰāĻŦাāύি āĻ•āϰāϤে āĻĒ্āϰāϏ্āϤুāϤ āĻ›িāϞেāύ। āĻļেāώ āĻŽুāĻšূāϰ্āϤে āφāϞ্āϞাāĻš āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻĻুāĻŽ্āĻŦা āĻĒ্āϰāĻĻাāύ āĻ•āϰেāύ āĻāĻŦং āĻāϟি āĻ•োāϰāĻŦাāύিāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āĻ—্āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āϰা āĻšāϝ়, āϝা āχāĻŦ্āϰাāĻšিāĻŽ (āφ.)-āĻāϰ āĻ…āϟুāϟ āĻ­āĻ•্āϤি āĻ“ āφāϞ্āϞাāĻšāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤি āĻ­āϰāϏাāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻŽাāĻŖ āĻĻেāϝ়।

āψāĻĻুāϞ āφāϝāĻšাāϰ āĻ—āĻ­ীāϰ āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨ āύিāĻŽ্āύāϰূāĻĒ:

  1. āφāϞ্āϞাāĻšāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤি āφāϤ্āĻŽāϏāĻŽāϰ্āĻĒāĻŖ: āĻāϟি āφāϞ্āϞাāĻšāϰ āχāϚ্āĻ›াāϰ āĻ•াāĻ›ে āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āφāϤ্āĻŽāϏāĻŽāϰ্āĻĒāĻŖেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤীāĻ•, āϝা āĻĻেāĻ–াāϝ় āϝে āϏāϤ্āϝিāĻ•াāϰেāϰ āψāĻŽাāύ āĻŽাāύুāώেāϰ āĻŦোāϧāĻ—āĻŽ্āϝāϤা āĻŦা āφāĻŦেāĻ—েāϰ āϊāϰ্āϧ্āĻŦে āφāϞ্āϞাāĻšāϰ āφāĻĻেāĻļেāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āĻ­āϰāϏা āϰাāĻ–ে।
  2. āϤ্āϝাāĻ— āĻ“ āύিঃāϏ্āĻŦাāϰ্āĻĨāϤা: āĻ•োāϰāĻŦাāύিāϰ āĻŽাāϧ্āϝāĻŽে āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤিāĻ—āϤ āχāϚ্āĻ›া, āĻ…āĻšংāĻ•াāϰ āĻāĻŦং āĻĒাāϰ্āĻĨিāĻŦ āφāĻ•াāĻ™্āĻ•্āώা āϤ্āϝাāĻ— āĻ•āϰা āĻšāϝ়, āϝা āφāϧ্āϝাāϤ্āĻŽিāĻ• āĻŽূāϞ্āϝāĻŦোāϧāĻ•ে āĻĒ্āϰাāϧাāύ্āϝ āĻĻেāĻ“āϝ়াāϰ āĻļিāĻ•্āώা āĻĻেāϝ়।
  3. āĻĻāϝ়া āĻ“ āĻĻাāύ: āĻ•োāϰāĻŦাāύিāϰ āĻ—োāĻļāϤ āϤিāύ āĻ­াāĻ—ে āĻŦিāĻ­āĻ•্āϤ āĻšāϝ়āĻĒāϰিāĻŦাāϰ, āφāϤ্āĻŽীāϝ়-āĻŦāύ্āϧু āĻāĻŦং āĻ—āϰিāĻŦāĻĻেāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ। āĻāϟি āĻ­াāĻ—াāĻ­াāĻ—ি, āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒ্āϰāĻĻাāϝ় āĻāĻŦং āĻ…āĻ­াāĻŦীāĻĻেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤি āϝāϤ্āύāĻļীāϞāϤাāϰ āĻ—ুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦ āϤুāϞে āϧāϰে।
  4. āϐāĻ•্āϝ āĻ“ āĻ•ৃāϤāϜ্āĻžāϤা: āĻšāϜেāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻ•িāϤ āĻāχ āĻ‰ā§ŽāϏāĻŦ āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦāĻŦ্āϝাāĻĒী āĻŽুāϏāϞিāĻŽ āϐāĻ•্āϝেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤীāĻ• āĻāĻŦং āφāϞ্āϞাāĻšāϰ āύিāϝ়াāĻŽāϤেāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āĻ•ৃāϤāϜ্āĻžāϤা āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•াāĻļেāϰ āϏāĻŽāϝ়।
  5. āψāĻŽাāύেāϰ āĻĒāϰীāĻ•্āώা: āĻāϟি āϜীāĻŦāύেāϰ āĻĒāϰীāĻ•্āώাāϰ āĻ•āĻĨা āϏ্āĻŽāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰাāϝ়, āϝেāĻ–াāύে āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦাāϏীāĻĻেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻ•ূāϞāϤাāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝেāĻ“ āĻ…āĻŦিāϚāϞ āĻĨাāĻ•āϤে āĻšāϝ়।

āĻ•ুāϰāφāύী āĻ—ুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦ:


āψāĻĻুāϞ āφāϝāĻšাāϰ āĻ•াāĻšিāύী āĻ•ুāϰāφāύেāϰ āϏূāϰা āφāϏ-āϏাāĻĢāĻĢাāϤ (ā§Šā§­:ā§¯ā§¯ā§§ā§§ā§Š)-āĻ āĻŦিāϏ্āϤাāϰিāϤāĻ­াāĻŦে āĻŦāϰ্āĻŖিāϤ āĻšāϝ়েāĻ›ে। āĻ—ুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āφāϝ়াāϤāĻ—ুāϞো āĻšāϞো:

  • āϏূāϰা āφāϏ-āϏাāĻĢāĻĢাāϤ (ā§Šā§­:ā§§ā§Ļ⧍):
    āϝāĻ–āύ āϤাāϰ [āχāϏāĻŽাāψāϞ] āϏাāĻĨে [āχāĻŦ্āϰাāĻšিāĻŽ] āĻĒāϰিāĻļ্āϰāĻŽেāϰ āĻŦāϝ়āϏে āĻĒৌঁāĻ›āϞ, āϤিāύি āĻŦāϞāϞেāύ, ‘āĻšে āφāĻŽাāϰ āĻĒুāϤ্āϰ, āφāĻŽি āϏ্āĻŦāĻĒ্āύে āĻĻেāĻ–েāĻ›ি āϝে āφāĻŽাāĻ•ে āϤোāĻŽাāĻ•ে āĻ•োāϰāĻŦাāύি āĻ•āϰāϤে āĻšāĻŦে, āϤুāĻŽি āĻ•ী āĻŽāύে āĻ•āϰো?’ āϤিāύি āĻŦāϞāϞেāύ, ‘āĻšে āφāĻŽাāϰ āĻĒিāϤা, āφāĻĒāύি āϝা āφāĻĻেāĻļ āĻĒেāϝ়েāĻ›েāύ āϤাāχ āĻ•āϰুāύ। āφāϞ্āϞাāĻšāϰ āχāϚ্āĻ›াāϝ় āφāĻĒāύি āφāĻŽাāĻ•ে āϧৈāϰ্āϝāĻļীāϞ āĻĒাāĻŦেāύ।  āĻāϟি āχāĻŦ্āϰাāĻšিāĻŽ āĻ“ āχāϏāĻŽাāψāϞেāϰ āĻĒাāϰāϏ্āĻĒāϰিāĻ• āψāĻŽাāύ āĻ“ āφāύুāĻ—āϤ্āϝ āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•াāĻļ āĻ•āϰে।
  • āϏূāϰা āφāϏ-āϏাāĻĢāĻĢাāϤ (ā§Šā§­:ā§§ā§Ļā§Ēā§§ā§Ļā§Ģ):
    āφāĻŽি āϤাāĻ•ে āĻĄেāĻ•ে āĻŦāϞāϞাāĻŽ, ‘āĻšে āχāĻŦ্āϰাāĻšিāĻŽ, āϤুāĻŽি āϏ্āĻŦāĻĒ্āύ āĻĒূāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰেāĻ›। āĻāĻ­াāĻŦে āφāĻŽি āĻ¸ā§ŽāĻ•āϰ্āĻŽāĻļীāϞāĻĻেāϰ āĻĒুāϰāϏ্āĻ•ৃāϤ āĻ•āϰি। āĻāϟি āĻ›িāϞ āĻāĻ•āϟি āϏ্āĻĒāώ্āϟ āĻĒāϰীāĻ•্āώা। āĻāϟি āφāϞ্āϞাāĻšāϰ āϰāĻšāĻŽāϤ āĻ“ āĻ¸ā§ŽāĻ•āϰ্āĻŽেāϰ āĻĒুāϰāϏ্āĻ•াāϰেāϰ āĻ•āĻĨা āϤুāϞে āϧāϰে।
  • āϏূāϰা āφāϞ-āĻšāϜ্āϜ (⧍⧍:ā§Šā§Ēā§Šā§­):
    āĻĒ্āϰāϤ্āϝেāĻ• āωāĻŽ্āĻŽāϤেāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āφāĻŽি āĻ•োāϰāĻŦাāύিāϰ āϰীāϤি āύিāϰ্āϧাāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰেāĻ›ি, āϝাāϤে āϤাāϰা āφāϞ্āϞাāĻšāϰ āĻĻেāĻ“āϝ়া āĻĒāĻļুāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āϤাঁāϰ āύাāĻŽ āϏ্āĻŽāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰে। āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻ—োāĻļāϤ āĻŦা āϰāĻ•্āϤ āφāϞ্āϞাāĻšāϰ āĻ•াāĻ›ে āĻĒৌঁāĻ›ে āύা, āĻŦāϰং āϤোāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āϤাāĻ•āĻ“āϝ়া āϤাঁāϰ āĻ•াāĻ›ে āĻĒৌঁāĻ›ে। āĻāϟি āĻ•োāϰāĻŦাāύিāϰ āφāϧ্āϝাāϤ্āĻŽিāĻ• āϤাā§ŽāĻĒāϰ্āϝ āĻŦ্āϝাāĻ–্āϝা āĻ•āϰে, āϝা āĻšāϞো āϤাāĻ•āĻ“āϝ়া āĻ“ āύিāώ্āĻ া।

āψāĻĻুāϞ āφāϝāĻšা āϤাāχ āĻ•ুāϰāφāύেāϰ āϤ্āϝাāĻ—, āφāύুāĻ—āϤ্āϝ āĻāĻŦং āĻĻāϝ়াāϰ āĻŦাāĻŖীāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āĻ—āĻ­ীāϰāĻ­াāĻŦে āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻ•িāϤ, āϝা āĻŽুāϏāϞিāĻŽāĻĻেāϰ āφāϞ্āϞাāĻšāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤি āύিāώ্āĻ া āĻ“ āĻ¸ā§Ž āϜীāĻŦāύāϝাāĻĒāύেāϰ āĻ•āĻĨা āϏ্āĻŽāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰাāϝ়।

Indian Muslim Freedom Fighters: Contributions and History ।। āĻ­াāϰāϤীāϝ় āĻŽুāϏāϞিāĻŽ āϏ্āĻŦাāϧীāύāϤা āϏংāĻ—্āϰাāĻŽী: āĻ…āĻŦāĻĻাāύ āĻāĻŦং āχāϤিāĻšাāϏ।

Indian Muslim Freedom Fighters: Contributions and History

Indian Muslim freedom fighters played a significant role in India's struggle for independence from British colonial rule, contributing alongside their Hindu counterparts in various movements from 1857 to 1947. Their efforts were often marked by sacrifices, leadership, and a vision for a united, free India.

• Maulvi Ahmadullah Shah:

A key figure in the 1857 Revolt, also known as the First War of Independence, Maulvi Ahmadullah Shah led the uprising in Awadh. He organized and fought against the British with immense bravery, earning praise even from British officers like Thomas Seaton, who described him as a "man of great abilities, of undaunted courage, of stern determination, and by far the best soldier among the rebels." His leadership symbolized Muslim resistance against colonial oppression.

• Begum Hazrat Mahal:

During the 1857 Revolt, Begum Hazrat Mahal, the wife of Nawab Wajid Ali Shah, led a rebellion in Lucknow. She defeated the British in the Battle of Chinhat and held control over Lucknow for nearly a year, uniting Hindus and Muslims in the fight. She was a symbol of resistance but was eventually forced into exile.

• Ashfaqulla Khan: 

A revolutionary, Ashfaqulla Khan was involved in the Kakori Conspiracy of 1925, a train robbery aimed at funding revolutionary activities against the British. He was the first Muslim to be hanged for his role at the age of 27, showcasing the ultimate sacrifice for India's freedom.

• Maulana Abul Kalam Azad: 

A prominent leader in the Indian National Congress, Azad became its youngest president in 1923 at age 35. He advocated for Hindu-Muslim unity and led movements like the Quit India Movement. Azad also served as India's first Education Minister post-independence, leaving a lasting legacy.

• Badruddin Tyabji: 

Tyabji was a founding member of the Indian National Congress and its third president in 1887. He emphasized unity between Hindus and Muslims, ensuring that the Congress would not discuss issues without mutual agreement between the two communities, fostering a united front against British rule.

• Bi Amma (Abadi Bano Begum):

Known as the "Mother of the Nation," Bi Amma mobilized women during the freedom struggle, particularly in the Khilafat and Swadeshi movements. She encouraged the use of Swadeshi goods and raised funds for the cause, leaving a profound impact on Indian women's participation in the fight for freedom.

Historical records suggest that Muslims made up a significant portion of freedom fighters. For instance, an article in the Milli Chronicle notes that 65% of the names on India Gate in Delhi, which honors 95,300 independence fighters, are Muslim names, highlighting their substantial contribution despite being a minority in India.

āĻŦাংāϞাāϝ়:

āύেāϤৃāϤ্āĻŦে āϰাāϜāύৈāϤিāĻ• āύেāϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻ—ুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻ­ূāĻŽিāĻ•া āĻ›িāϞ। ā§§ā§Žā§Ģā§­ āϏাāϞ āĻĨেāĻ•ে ⧧⧝⧭ āϏাāϞ āĻĒāϰ্āϝāύ্āϤ āϤাāϰা āφāĻĒāύāϜāύ āĻ”āĻĒিāĻ• āϏংāϏ্āĻĨাāϰ āĻŦিāϰুāĻĻ্āϧে āϞāĻĄ়াāχ āĻ•āϰেāĻ›েāύ āĻāĻŦং āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻŦাāĻĻ āĻ“ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻŦাāĻĻেāϰ āĻŽাāϧ্āϝāĻŽে āϝুāĻĻ্āϧে āϞāĻĄ়াāχ āϚাāϞিāϝ়েāĻ›েāύ।

• āĻŽৌāϞāĻ­ি āφāĻšāĻŽাāĻĻ āĻļাāĻš: 

ā§§ā§Žā§Ģā§­ āĻŦাāϰ āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϰো āĻŽৌāϞāĻ­ি āφāĻšāĻŽাāĻĻ āĻĒুāϞিāĻļ āφāĻ“āϝ়াāϧে āĻļাāύ্āϤি āĻĻিāϝ়েāĻ›িāϞেāύ। āϤিāύি āĻ…āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖ āϏৈāύিāĻ•āĻĻেāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āϞāĻĄ়াāχāϝ়েāϰ āϏংāĻ—্āϰাāĻŽ āĻāĻŦং āϏিāĻĻ্āϧাāĻŽāϤ্āĻŽāĻ• āύেāϤৃāϤ্āĻŦāĻĻাāύāĻ•াāϰী āĻĨāĻŽাāϏāϟāύ āϤাāĻ•ে "āĻŽāĻŽāĻļāĻ•্āϤি āĻ…āϧিāĻ•াāϰী, āĻ…āĻĻāĻŽ্āϝ āϏৈāύিāĻ• āĻāĻŦং āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϰোāĻšāĻĻেāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āϏেāϰা āϏৈāύিāĻ•" āĻšিāϏাāĻŦে āĻŦāϰ্āĻŖāύা।

• āĻŦেāĻ—āĻŽ āĻšāϜāϰāϤ āĻŽāĻšāϞ: 

ā§§ā§Žā§Ģā§­ āφāĻ—ে āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϰোāĻšে āĻŦেāĻ—āĻŽ āĻšāϜāϰāϤ āĻŽāĻšāϞেāϰ āĻŦিāϰুāĻĻ্āϧে āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϰোāĻšেāϰ āφāĻĻাāϞāϤ āĻĻিāϝ়েāĻ›িāϞেāύ। āϤিāύি āϚিāύāĻšাāϟেāϰ āϝুāĻĻ্āϧে āĻĒ্āϰাāϰ্āĻĨীāĻĻেāϰ āĻĒāϰাāϜিāϤ āĻ•āϰেāύ āĻāĻŦং āĻĒ্āϰাāϝ় āĻāĻ• āĻŦāĻ›āϰ āϞāĻ–āύāω āύিāϝ়āύ্āϤ্āϰāĻŖে। āϤিāύি āĻšিāύ্āĻĻু āĻ“ āĻŽুāϏāϞিāĻŽāĻĻেāϰ āĻāĻ•āϤ্āϰিāϤ āϞāĻĄ়াāχ āϚাāϞিāϝ়ে āϝাāϚ্āĻ›েāύ।

• āφāĻļāĻĢাāĻ• āĻĒুāϞিāĻļ āĻ–াāύ: 

⧧⧝⧍ā§Ģ āĻŦাāϰ āĻ•াāĻ•োāϰি āώāĻĄ়āϝāύ্āϤ্āϰে āĻ…ংāĻļ āύিāϝ়েāĻ›িāϞেāύ āφāĻļāĻĢাāĻ• āĻĒুāϞিāĻļ āĻ–াāύ। āĻāϟি āĻ›িāϞ āφāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āĻŦিāϰুāĻĻ্āϧে āĻŦিāĻĒ্āϞāĻŦ āĻ•াāϰ্āϝāĻ•্āϰāĻŽেāϰ āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨ āϏংāĻ—্āϰāĻšেāϰ āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻĄাāĻ•াāϤি। ⧍⧭ āĻŦāĻ›āϰ āĻŦāϝ়āϏে āϤাāĻ•ে āĻĢাঁāϏি āĻĻেāĻ“āϝ়া āĻšāϝ়, āϝা āϏ্āĻŦাāϧীāύāϤাāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āϤাāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻŦাāĻĻেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤীāĻ•।

• āĻŽৌāϞাāύা āφāĻŦুāϞ āĻ•াāϞা āφāϜাāĻĻ: 

āϜাāϤীāϝ় āϏংāϏāĻĻেāϰ āĻāĻ•āϜāύ āĻŦিāĻļিāώ্āϟ āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤি āĻŽৌāϞা āφāϜাāĻĻ ā§§ā§¯ā§¨ā§Š āϏাāϞে ā§Šā§Ģ āĻŦāĻ›āϰ āĻŦāϝ়āϏে āĻāϰ āĻšāύ। āϤিāύি āĻšিāύ্āĻĻু-āĻŽুāϏāϞিāĻŽ āϐāĻ•্āϝেāϰ āĻ•াāϜ āĻ•āϰেāύ āĻāĻŦং āĻ•ুāχāϟ āĻ›াāϤ্āϰ āφāύ্āĻĻোāϞāύেāϰ āĻ…āύুāĻŽāϤি āĻĻেāύ। āϏ্āĻŦাāϧীāύ āĻĒāϰ āĻĒāϰ āϤিāύি āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āĻļিāĻ•্āώাāĻŽāύ্āϤ্āϰী āĻšāύ।

• āĻŦāĻĻāϰু āϤাāϝ়েāĻŦāϜি: 

āϜাāϤীāϝ় āϜাāϤীāϝ় āĻĻāϞেāϰ āϏāĻĻāϏ্āϝāϤা ā§§ā§Žā§Žā§­ āϏাāϞে āĻāĻŦং āĻāϰ āϏāĻĻāϏ্āϝāĻĻেāϰ āϏāĻĻāϏ্āϝ āĻ›িāϞেāύ āĻāĻŦং āϤাāϝ়েāĻŦāϜি। āϤিāύি āĻšিāύ্āĻĻু-āĻŽুāϏāϞিāĻŽ āϐāĻ•্āϝেāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āϜোāϰ āĻĻিāϝ়েāĻ›িāϞেāύ āĻāĻŦং āĻŦিāĻĒāĻ•্āώেāϰ āĻ•োāύো āĻ…ংāĻļে āĻāχ āύীāϤিāϰ āĻ•োāύো āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে āφāϞোāϚāύা āĻ•āϰāϤে āĻšāĻŦে āύা।

• āĻŦি āφāĻŽ্āĻŽা (āφāĻŦাāĻĻি āĻŦাāύো āĻŦেāĻ—āĻŽ): 

āϜাāϤিāϰ āĻŽা, āĻšিāϏাāĻŦে āĻĒāϰিāϚিāϤ āĻŦিāĻŽ্āĻŽা āĻ–িāϞাāĻĢāϤ āĻ“ āϏ্āĻŦāĻĻেāĻļী āφāύ্āĻĻোāϞāύে āϏংāĻ—āĻ িāϤ āĻ…āĻŦāϏ্āĻĨা। āϤিāύি āϏ্āĻŦāĻĻেāĻļী āĻĒāĻŖ্āϝেāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āωāĻĒāĻ•াāϰী āϤাāĻš āϏংāĻ—্āϰāĻš āĻ•āϰেāύ āĻāĻŦং āĻ—ুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻ­ূāĻŽিāĻ•া āĻĒাāϞāύ āĻ•āϰেāύ।

āχāϤিāĻŦাāϚāĻ• āύীāϤি, 

āĻŽুāϏāϞিāĻŽāϰা āϰাāϜāύৈāϤিāĻ• āĻĻāϞ āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻŦāĻĄ় āĻ…ংāĻļ āĻ›িāϞ। āĻŽিāϞি āĻ•্āϰিāϞেāϰ āĻāĻ•āϟি āϰিāĻĒোāϰ্āϟে āĻŦāϞা āĻšāϝ়েāĻ›ে, āĻĻিāϞ্āϞিāϰ āύেāϤৃāϤ্āĻŦ āĻ—েāϟে ⧝ā§Ģ, ā§Šā§Ļā§Ļ āϰাāϜāύৈāϤিāĻ• āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤিীāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে ā§Ŧā§Ģ% āϏংāĻ–্āϝাāϰ āύাāĻŽ, āϝা āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻŦিāϚাāϰেāϰ āĻŦāĻ•্āϤāĻŦ্āϝ āĻĻেāϝ়।

Muslim Contributions to India's Freedom Struggle: A Historical Perspective ।। āĻ­াāϰāϤেāϰ āϏ্āĻŦাāϧীāύāϤা āϏংāĻ—্āϰাāĻŽে āĻŽুāϏāϞিāĻŽāĻĻেāϰ āĻ…āĻŦāĻĻাāύ: āĻāĻ•āϟি āϐāϤিāĻšাāϏিāĻ• āĻĻৃāώ্āϟিāĻ•োāĻŖ


The Role of Muslims in India's Fight for Independence: A Historical Overview.
 

The struggle for India's freedom from British colonial domination was a unified endeavor that included various communities, with Muslims making a notable impact. Although some narratives may downplay their contributions, Muslims were instrumental in influencing India's journey towards independence through their leadership, sacrifices, and ideological input. This article delves into their participation in significant movements, organizations, and historical events. 

Early Resistance and the 1857 Uprising. 

Muslim leaders were prominent in the initial resistance against British authority. The 1857 Uprising, often regarded as the first war of independence, featured key Muslim figures such as Bahadur Shah Zafar, the last Mughal emperor, who was recognized as the symbolic leader of the revolt. Other notable individuals, including Maulvi Ahmadullah Shah, who spearheaded guerrilla tactics in Awadh, and Begum Hazrat Mahal, who valiantly defended Lucknow, showcased the determination of Muslims. Although the uprising did not succeed, it fostered a sense of unity among Hindus and Muslims, laying the groundwork for subsequent struggles. The Khilafat Movement and the Non-Cooperation Campaign. 

The Khilafat Movement (1919–1924).

Spearheaded by leaders like Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, Maulana Mohammad Ali, and Maulana Shaukat Ali, marked a significant moment in history. It arose in response to the British disbanding of the Ottoman Caliphate after World War I, an issue that resonated deeply with Indian Muslims. This movement aligned with Mahatma Gandhi’s Non-Cooperation Movement, promoting solidarity between Hindus and Muslims. Leaders such as Azad, a prominent scholar and nationalist, championed the cause of swaraj (self-rule) and rallied the masses through their speeches and writings. This collaborative effort resulted in widespread boycotts of British products, institutions, and a significant wave of civil disobedience.

The Role of Muslims in the Indian National Congress.

Muslims played a crucial role in the Indian National Congress (INC), which served as the main platform for the struggle for independence. Influential leaders such as Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, who later became the first Education Minister of India, were instrumental in developing the Congress's secular and inclusive vision. Other notable figures, including Rafi Ahmed Kidwai and Hakim Ajmal Khan, were vital in organizing efforts and rallying the masses. Azad's leadership of the INC during the years 1923 and 1940–1946 highlighted the commitment of Muslims to the idea of a united India.

Contributions of Muslim Revolutionaries.

Muslim revolutionaries also played a significant role in the fight for freedom. Noteworthy individuals like Ashfaqulla Khan, a prominent member of the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association, took part in the Kakori train robbery in 1925 to finance revolutionary activities. Khan's ultimate sacrifice—his execution in 1927—became a powerful symbol of the dedication of Muslim youth to the independence movement. Additionally, the collaboration between Ram Prasad Bismil and his Muslim comrades showcased the spirit of interfaith solidarity among those fighting for freedom.

Involvement in Civil Disobedience and the Quit India Movement.

During the Civil Disobedience Movement from 1930 to 1934, Muslim leaders and the general populace actively participated in salt marches and protests against oppressive British laws. The Quit India Movement in 1942 saw significant involvement from Muslim leaders like Maulana Azad, who was arrested alongside other Congress leaders. In the North-West Frontier Province, Frontier Gandhi, Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan, spearheaded the nonviolent Khudai Khidmatgar movement, rallying the Pathan community against British rule. The red shirts worn by his movement became an enduring symbol of resistance against colonial oppression.

The Contributions of Muslim Intellectuals to Nationalist Thought.

Muslim scholars played a pivotal role in shaping the discourse surrounding nationalism. Figures such as Muhammad Iqbal, whose poem Sare Jahan Se Achha emerged as a unifying anthem, inspired countless individuals across generations. Additionally, journalists like Abul Kalam Azad, through his influential newspaper Al-Hilal, and Zafar Ali Khan, mobilized public sentiment against the oppressive policies of the British. These initiatives effectively countered colonial narratives and nurtured a burgeoning sense of national identity among the populace.

Challenges and Misunderstandings.

The emergence of communal politics, particularly after the 1930s, culminated in the Muslim League's call for the creation of Pakistan, which often eclipsed the significant contributions of Muslims to the collective struggle for independence. Nevertheless, numerous Muslim leaders, including Azad and Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan, stood in opposition to the partition and championed the cause of a secular and inclusive India. The prevalent narrative surrounding Muslim separatism frequently overlooks the vast number of Muslims who remained in India and actively participated in the fight for freedom.

Final Thoughts.

The diverse contributions of Muslims to India's freedom movement encompassed leadership roles, grassroots activism, revolutionary endeavors, and intellectual pursuits. Their sacrifices, in conjunction with those of other communities, were crucial in securing independence in 1947. Acknowledging their contributions not only enhances our comprehension of historical events but also strengthens the pluralistic spirit that characterizes contemporary India.

āχāϤিāĻšাāϏে āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻ—ুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āϘāϟāύা। āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•া āĻŦিāϜāϝ় (āĻĢāϤāĻš āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•া), āϝা ā§Ž āĻšিāϜāϰি (ā§Ŧā§Šā§Ļ āĻ–্āϰিāϏ্āϟাāĻŦ্āĻĻ) āϏংāϘāϟিāϤ āĻšāϝ় ।

āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•া āĻŦিāϜāϝ় (āĻĢāϤāĻš āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•া), āϝা ā§Ž āĻšিāϜāϰি (ā§Ŧā§Šā§Ļ āĻ–্āϰিāϏ্āϟাāĻŦ্āĻĻ) āϏংāϘāϟিāϤ āĻšāϝ়, āχāϏāϞাāĻŽেāϰ āχāϤিāĻšাāϏে āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻ—ুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āϘāϟāύা। āĻāϟি āĻ›িāϞ āύāĻŦী āĻŽুāĻšাāĻŽ্āĻŽāĻĻ (āϏা.) āĻāĻŦং āϤাāϰ āĻ…āύুāϏাāϰীāĻĻেāϰ āĻļাāύ্āϤিāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖāĻ­াāĻŦে āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•া āύিāϝ়āύ্āϤ্āϰāĻŖ āĻ—্āϰāĻšāĻŖেāϰ āϘāϟāύা, āϝা āĻ•ুāϰাāχāĻļ āĻ—োāϤ্āϰেāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āĻĻ্āĻŦāύ্āĻĻ্āĻŦেāϰ āĻ…āĻŦāϏাāύ āϘāϟাāϝ়। āĻāϟিāĻ•ে āĻĒ্āϰাāϝ়āχ "āĻŦিāϜāϝ়" āĻŦা "āĻŽুāĻ•্āϤি" āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻŦāϰ্āĻŖāύা āĻ•āϰা āĻšāϝ়, āĻŦāϰং āφāϧুāύিāĻ• āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨে āϰāĻ•্āϤāĻ•্āώāϝ়ী āĻŦিāĻĒ্āϞāĻŦ āύāϝ়। āĻāχ āϘāϟāύাāϟি āĻ•্āώāĻŽা, āϏāĻŽāĻোāϤা āĻāĻŦং āϐāĻļী āύিāϰ্āĻĻেāĻļāύাāϰ āĻ“āĻĒāϰ āϜোāϰ āĻĻেāϝ়, āϝা āĻ•ুāϰāφāύ āĻāĻŦং āχāϏāϞাāĻŽি āϐāϤিāĻš্āϝে āĻŦāϰ্āĻŖিāϤ। āύিāϚে āĻāχ āϘāϟāύাāϰ āĻŦিāϏ্āϤাāϰিāϤ āĻŦিāĻŦāϰāĻŖ, āĻĒ্āϰেāĻ•্āώাāĻĒāϟ āĻāĻŦং āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻ•িāϤ āĻ•ুāϰāφāύেāϰ āφāϝ়াāϤāĻ—ুāϞো āĻŦাংāϞা āĻ…āύুāĻŦাāĻĻāϏāĻš āĻĻেāĻ“āϝ়া āĻšāϞো।


āϐāϤিāĻšাāϏিāĻ• āĻĒ্āϰেāĻ•্āώাāĻĒāϟ

āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•া, āχāϏāϞাāĻŽেāϰ āφāϧ্āϝাāϤ্āĻŽিāĻ• āĻ•েāύ্āĻĻ্āϰ, āĻ•ুāϰাāχāĻļ āĻ—োāϤ্āϰেāϰ āύিāϝ়āύ্āϤ্āϰāĻŖে āĻ›িāϞ, āϝাāϰা āĻĒ্āϰাāĻĨāĻŽিāĻ•āĻ­াāĻŦে āĻŽুāĻšাāĻŽ্āĻŽāĻĻ (āϏা.)-āĻāϰ āĻāĻ•āϤ্āĻŦāĻŦাāĻĻেāϰ āĻŦাāĻŖী āĻĒ্āϰāϤ্āϝাāĻ–্āϝাāύ āĻ•āϰে। āĻĻāĻļ āĻŦāĻ›āϰেāϰāĻ“ āĻŦেāĻļি āϏāĻŽāϝ় āϧāϰে āĻ•ুāϰাāχāĻļ āĻŽুāϏāϞিāĻŽāĻĻেāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āύিāϰ্āϝাāϤāύ āϚাāϞাāϝ়, āĻŽুāĻšাāĻŽ্āĻŽāĻĻ (āϏা.)-āĻāϰ āĻļিāĻ•্āώাāĻ•ে āωāĻĒāĻšাāϏ āĻ•āϰে āĻāĻŦং āĻŦāĻĻāϰ āĻ“ āωāĻšুāĻĻেāϰ āĻŽāϤো āϝুāĻĻ্āϧে āϜāĻĄ়াāϝ়। āϟাāϰ্āύিং āĻĒāϝ়েāύ্āϟ āĻāϞো āĻšুāĻĻাāχāĻŦিāϝ়াāϰ āϏāύ্āϧি (ā§Ŧ āĻšিāϜāϰি, ā§Ŧā§¨ā§Ž āĻ–্āϰিāϏ্āϟাāĻŦ্āĻĻ) āĻāϰ āĻŽাāϧ্āϝāĻŽে, āϝা āĻŽুāϏāϞিāĻŽ āĻ“ āĻ•ুāϰাāχāĻļেāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে ā§§ā§Ļ āĻŦāĻ›āϰেāϰ āĻļাāύ্āϤিāϚুāĻ•্āϤি āĻ›িāϞ। āĻ•িāύ্āϤু ā§Ž āĻšিāϜāϰিāϤে āĻāχ āϚুāĻ•্āϤি āĻ­āĻ™্āĻ— āĻšāϝ় āϝāĻ–āύ āĻ•ুāϰাāχāĻļেāϰ āĻŽিāϤ্āϰ āĻŦāύু āĻŦāĻ•āϰ āĻŽুāϏāϞিāĻŽāĻĻেāϰ āĻŽিāϤ্āϰ āĻŦāύু āĻ–ুāϝাāϝ়াāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āĻšাāĻŽāϞা āĻ•āϰে।

āĻāχ āϚুāĻ•্āϤি āĻ­āĻ™্āĻ— āĻŽুāĻšাāĻŽ্āĻŽāĻĻ (āϏা.)-āĻ•ে āĻšাāĻŽāϞা āĻ•āϰে। āĻāϰāĻĒāϰ āϤিāύি āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•াāϰ āωāĻĻ্āĻĻেāĻļ্āϝে ā§§ā§Ļ,ā§Ļā§Ļā§Ļ āĻŽুāϏāϞিāĻŽ āϏেāύাāĻŦাāĻšিāύী āύিāϝ়ে āϝাāϤ্āϰা āĻ•āϰেāύ। āĻŦিāϜāϝ়āϟি āĻ›িāϞ āĻĒ্āϰাāϝ় āϰāĻ•্āϤāĻĒাāϤāĻšীāύ, āύ্āϝূāύāϤāĻŽ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāϰোāϧেāϰ āĻŽুāĻ–ে, āĻāĻŦং āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•াāϝ় āĻĒৌāϤ্āϤāϞিāĻ•āϤাāϰ āφāϧিāĻĒāϤ্āϝেāϰ āĻ…āĻŦāϏাāύ āϘāϟিāϝ়ে āĻāϟিāĻ•ে āχāϏāϞাāĻŽেāϰ āĻ•েāύ্āĻĻ্āϰ āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāώ্āĻ িāϤ āĻ•āϰে। āĻāχ āϘāϟāύা āĻŽুāĻšাāĻŽ্āĻŽāĻĻ (āϏা.)-āĻāϰ āĻ•্āώāĻŽাāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āωāĻĻāϝাāĻĒিāϤ, āϝিāύি āϤাāϰ āĻĒ্āϰাāĻ•্āϤāύ āĻļāϤ্āϰুāĻĻেāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖ āĻ•্āώāĻŽা āϘোāώāĻŖা āĻ•āϰেāύ।


āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•া āĻŦিāϜāϝ়েāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•ৃāϤ āϘāϟāύা

ā§§. āĻĒ্āϰāϏ্āϤুāϤি āĻ“ āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•াāϰ āĻĻিāĻ•ে āĻ…āĻ—্āϰāϝাāϤ্āϰা:

  • āϚুāĻ•্āϤি āĻ­āĻ™্āĻ—েāϰ āĻĒāϰ, āĻŽুāĻšাāĻŽ্āĻŽāĻĻ (āϏা.) āĻ—োāĻĒāύে āϤাāϰ āĻ…āύুāϏাāϰীāĻĻেāϰ āĻ…āĻ­িāϝাāύেāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āĻĒ্āϰāϏ্āϤুāϤ āĻ•āϰেāύ। āϤিāύি āφāϝ়েāĻļা (āϰা.)-āĻ•ে āϏāϰāĻŦāϰাāĻš āĻĒ্āϰāϏ্āϤুāϤ āĻ•āϰāϤে āĻŦāϞেāύ, āϞāĻ•্āώ্āϝ āĻ—োāĻĒāύ āϰেāĻ–ে।
  • ā§§ā§Ļ āϰāĻŽāϜাāύ ā§Ž āĻšিāϜāϰি (āĻĄিāϏেāĻŽ্āĻŦāϰ ā§Ŧ⧍⧝ āĻŦা āϜাāύুāϝ়াāϰি ā§Ŧā§Šā§Ļ āĻ–্āϰিāϏ্āϟাāĻŦ্āĻĻ) āĻŽুāϏāϞিāĻŽ āĻŦাāĻšিāύী āĻŽāĻĻিāύা āĻĨেāĻ•ে āϝাāϤ্āϰা āĻ•āϰে। āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•াāϝ় āĻĒ্āϰāĻŦেāĻļেāϰ āϤাāϰিāĻ– ⧧⧭⧍ā§Ļ āϰāĻŽāϜাāύ āĻŦāϞে āĻŦিāĻ­িāύ্āύ āϏূāϤ্āϰে āωāϞ্āϞেāĻ– āφāĻ›ে।
  • āĻŽুāĻšাāĻŽ্āĻŽāĻĻ (āϏা.) āĻŦাāĻšিāύীāĻ•ে āϚাāϰāϟি āĻĻāϞে āĻ­াāĻ— āĻ•āϰেāύ, āĻĒ্āϰāϤ্āϝেāĻ• āĻĻāϞāĻ•ে āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•াāϰ āύিāϰ্āĻĻিāώ্āϟ āĻĒ্āϰāĻŦেāĻļāĻĒāĻĨে āύিāϝ়োāĻ— āĻĻেāύ। āĻ–াāϞিāĻĻ āχāĻŦāύে āĻ“āϝ়াāϞিāĻĻ āĻĄাāύāĻĒাāĻļে, āϜুāĻŦাāϝ়āϰ āχāĻŦāύে āφāĻ“āϝ়াāĻŽ āĻŦাāĻŽāĻĒাāĻļে, āφāĻŦু āωāĻŦাāχāĻĻা āĻĒāĻĻাāϤিāĻ• āĻŦাāĻšিāύীāϤে āĻāĻŦং āĻŽুāĻšাāĻŽ্āĻŽāĻĻ (āϏা.) āύিāϜে āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•াāϰ āωāϚ্āϚাংāĻļ āĻĻিāϝ়ে āĻĒ্āϰāĻŦেāĻļ āĻ•āϰেāύ। āφāĻ•্āϰাāύ্āϤ āύা āĻšāϞে āϰāĻ•্āϤāĻĒাāϤ āĻāĻĄ়াāύোāϰ āĻ•āĻ োāϰ āύিāϰ্āĻĻেāĻļ āĻĻেāĻ“āϝ়া āĻšāϝ়।

⧍. āύ্āϝূāύāϤāĻŽ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāϰোāϧ:

  • āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•াāϰ āĻ…āϧিāĻ•াংāĻļ āĻŽাāύুāώ, āĻ•ুāϰাāχāĻļ āύেāϤা āφāĻŦু āϏুāĻĢিāϝ়াāύāϏāĻš, āĻ…āĻĒ্āϰāϏ্āϤুāϤ āĻ›িāϞ। āφāĻŦু āϏুāĻĢিāϝ়াāύ āĻŽুāϏāϞিāĻŽ āĻŦাāĻšিāύীāϰ āĻļāĻ•্āϤি āĻĻেāĻ–ে āχāϏāϞাāĻŽ āĻ—্āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āϰেāύ।
  • āĻļুāϧুāĻŽাāϤ্āϰ āĻ–াāϞিāĻĻ āχāĻŦāύে āĻ“ā§ŸাāϞিāĻĻেāϰ āĻĻāϞেāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āχāĻ•āϰিāĻŽা āĻ“ āϏাāĻĢāĻ“āϝ়াāύেāϰ āύেāϤৃāϤ্āĻŦে āĻ•ুāϰাāχāĻļ āϝোāĻĻ্āϧাāĻĻেāϰ āĻšাāĻŽāϞা āĻšāϝ়। āĻŽুāϏāϞিāĻŽāϰা āĻāϟি āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻšāϤ āĻ•āϰে, āĻĢāϞে ⧧⧍ āϜāύ āĻļāϤ্āϰু āύিāĻšāϤ āĻ“ ⧍ āĻŽুāϏāϞিāĻŽ āĻļāĻšীāĻĻ āĻšāύ।
  • āĻŽুāϏāϞিāĻŽ āĻŦাāĻšিāύী ā§§ā§Ž āϰāĻŽāϜাāύ ā§Ž āĻšিāϜāϰি (āϏāĻŽ্āĻ­āĻŦāϤ ā§§ā§§ āϜাāύুāϝ়াāϰি ā§Ŧā§Šā§Ļ āĻ–্āϰিāϏ্āϟাāĻŦ্āĻĻ) āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•াāϝ় āĻĒ্āϰāĻŦেāĻļ āĻ•āϰে। āĻŽুāĻšাāĻŽ্āĻŽāĻĻ (āϏা.) āϤাāϰ āωāϟāύী āφāϞ-āĻ•াāϏāĻ“āϝ়াāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āϚāĻĄ়ে āϏূāϰা āφāϞ-āĻĢাāϤāĻš (ā§Ēā§Ž) āϤিāϞাāĻ“āϝ়াāϤ āĻ•āϰেāύ।

ā§Š. āĻ•াāĻŦাāϰ āĻĒāĻŦিāϤ্āϰāĻ•āϰāĻŖ:

  • āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•াāϝ় āĻĒ্āϰāĻŦেāĻļ āĻ•āϰে āĻŽুāĻšাāĻŽ্āĻŽāĻĻ (āϏা.) āĻ•াāĻŦাāϝ় āϝাāύ, āϝা āχāĻŦ্āϰাāĻšিāĻŽ āĻ“ āχāϏāĻŽাāχāϞ āĻ•āϰ্āϤৃāĻ• āĻāĻ•āϤ্āĻŦāĻŦাāĻĻেāϰ āωāĻĒাāϏāύাāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āύিāϰ্āĻŽিāϤ āĻŦāϞে āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦাāϏ āĻ•āϰা āĻšāϝ়।
  • āϤিāύি āĻ•াāĻŦাāϰ āϚাāϰāĻĒাāĻļে āĻĨাāĻ•া ā§Šā§Ŧā§Ļāϟি āĻŽূāϰ্āϤি āϧ্āĻŦংāϏ āĻ•āϰেāύ, āĻāϟিāĻ•ে āĻāĻ•āϤ্āĻŦāĻŦাāĻĻেāϰ āωāĻĒাāϏāύা āĻ•েāύ্āĻĻ্āϰ āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻĒুāύঃāĻĒ্āϰāϤিāώ্āĻ িāϤ āĻ•āϰেāύ।
  • āĻŽুāĻšাāĻŽ্āĻŽāĻĻ (āϏা.) āĻ•াāĻŦাāϰ āϤাāĻ“āϝ়াāĻĢ āĻ•āϰেāύ āĻāĻŦং āύাāĻŽাāϜ āφāĻĻাāϝ় āĻ•āϰেāύ, āϝা āĻāĻ•āϤ্āĻŦāĻŦাāĻĻেāϰ āĻĒুāύঃāĻĒ্āϰāϤিāώ্āĻ াāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤীāĻ•।

ā§Ē. āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖ āĻ•্āώāĻŽা āĻ“ āĻŽāĻšাāύুāĻ­āĻŦāϤা:

  • āϏাāĻĢা āĻĒাāĻšাāĻĄ়ে āĻĻাঁāĻĄ়িāϝ়ে āĻŽুāĻšাāĻŽ্āĻŽāĻĻ (āϏা.) āĻ•ুāϰাāχāĻļāĻĻেāϰ āωāĻĻ্āĻĻেāĻļ্āϝে āĻ­াāώāĻŖ āĻĻেāύ, āĻ•ুāϰāφāύেāϰ āφāϝ়াāϤ āϤিāϞাāĻ“āϝ়াāϤ āĻ•āϰেāύ āĻāĻŦং āύāĻŦী āχāωāϏুāĻĢেāϰ āĻ•্āώāĻŽাāϰ āωāĻĻাāĻšāϰāĻŖ (āϏূāϰা āχāωāϏুāĻĢ ā§§ā§¨:⧝⧍) āωāϞ্āϞেāĻ– āĻ•āϰে āĻŦāϞেāύ: āφāϜ āϤোāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āĻ•োāύো āϤিāϰāϏ্āĻ•াāϰ āĻŦা āĻĻোāώাāϰোāĻĒ āĻšāĻŦে āύা। āφāϞ্āϞাāĻš āϤোāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āĻ•্āώāĻŽা āĻ•āϰāĻŦেāύ, āĻ•েāύāύা āϤিāύি āĻĻāϝ়াāϞুāĻĻেāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āϏāĻŦāϚেāϝ়ে āĻĻāϝ়াāϞু। āϤিāύি āϘোāώāĻŖা āĻ•āϰেāύ, “āϝাāĻ“, āϤোāĻŽāϰা āϏ্āĻŦাāϧীāύ!”
  • āĻŽাāϤ্āϰ āϚাāϰāϜāύ āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤিāĻ•ে āĻŦিāĻļেāώ āĻ…āĻĒāϰাāϧেāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āĻļাāϏ্āϤি āĻĻেāĻ“āϝ়া āĻšāϝ়, āϝা āĻŦিāϜāϝ়েāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻ•িāϤ āύāϝ়।
  • āĻāχ āĻ•্āώāĻŽা āĻ…āύেāĻ• āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•াāĻŦাāϏীāĻ•ে āχāϏāϞাāĻŽ āĻ—্āϰāĻšāĻŖে āĻĒ্āϰāĻ­াāĻŦিāϤ āĻ•āϰে, āϝাāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āφāĻŦু āϏুāĻĢিāϝ়াāύ āĻ“ āϤাāϰ āĻĒুāϤ্āϰ āĻŽুāϝ়াāĻŦিāϝ়াāĻ“ āĻ›িāϞেāύ।

ā§Ģ. āĻĒৌāϤ্āϤāϞিāĻ• āĻŽূāϰ্āϤি āϧ্āĻŦংāϏ:

  • āĻŽুāĻšাāĻŽ্āĻŽāĻĻ (āϏা.) āφāĻļāĻĒাāĻļেāϰ āĻāϞাāĻ•াāϝ় āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāύিāϧি āĻĒাāĻ াāύ āĻĒৌāϤ্āϤāϞিāĻ• āĻŽূāϰ্āϤি āϧ্āĻŦংāϏেāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ। āĻ–াāϞিāĻĻ āχāĻŦāύে āĻ“āϝ়াāϞিāĻĻ āύাāĻ–āϞাāϝ় āφāϞ-āωāϜ্āϜা āĻŽূāϰ্āϤি āϧ্āĻŦংāϏ āĻ•āϰেāύ, āĻāĻŦং āφāĻŽāϰ āχāĻŦāύে āφāϞ-āφāϏ āϏুāĻ“āϝ়া āĻŽূāϰ্āϤি āϧ্āĻŦংāϏ āĻ•āϰেāύ।

āĻ•ুāϰāφāύেāϰ āφāϝ়াāϤ āĻ“ āĻŦাংāϞা āĻ…āύুāĻŦাāĻĻ

āĻ•ুāϰāφāύ āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•া āĻŦিāϜāϝ় āĻ“ āĻāϰ āφāϧ্āϝাāϤ্āĻŽিāĻ• āϤাā§ŽāĻĒāϰ্āϝ āύিāϝ়ে āĻŦেāĻļ āĻ•িāĻ›ু āφāϝ়াāϤে āωāϞ্āϞেāĻ– āĻ•āϰেāĻ›ে, āĻŦিāĻļেāώ āĻ•āϰে āϏূāϰা āφāϞ-āĻĢাāϤāĻš (ā§Ēā§Ž), āϝা āĻšুāĻĻাāχāĻŦিāϝ়াāϰ āĻĒāϰ āύাāϝিāϞ āĻšāϝ় āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āĻŦিāϜāϝ়েāϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖāϤাāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻ•িāϤ। āĻ…āύ্āϝাāύ্āϝ āφāϝ়াāϤ āĻ•্āώāĻŽা, āĻŦিāϜāϝ় āĻ“ āĻāĻ•āϤ্āĻŦāĻŦাāĻĻেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰেāĻ•্āώাāĻĒāϟ āĻĻেāϝ়। āύিāϚে āĻĒ্āϰাāϏāĻ™্āĻ—িāĻ• āφāϝ়াāϤāĻ—ুāϞোāϰ āĻŦাংāϞা āĻ…āύুāĻŦাāĻĻ āĻĻেāĻ“āϝ়া āĻšāϞো:

ā§§. āϏূāϰা āφāϞ-āĻĢাāϤāĻš (ā§Ēā§Ž:⧧⧍)āϐāĻļী āĻŦিāϜāϝ়:

  • āύিāĻļ্āϚāϝ়āχ āφāĻŽি āϤোāĻŽাāĻ•ে [āĻšে āĻŽুāĻšাāĻŽ্āĻŽāĻĻ] āĻāĻ•āϟি āϏ্āĻĒāώ্āϟ āĻŦিāϜāϝ় āĻĻাāύ āĻ•āϰেāĻ›ি, āϝাāϤে āφāϞ্āϞাāĻš āϤোāĻŽাāϰ āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŦāĻŦāϰ্āϤী āĻ“ āĻĒāϰāĻŦāϰ্āϤী āĻĒাāĻĒ āĻ•্āώāĻŽা āĻ•āϰেāύ āĻāĻŦং āϤোāĻŽাāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āϤাঁāϰ āύিāϝ়াāĻŽāϤ āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻ•āϰেāύ āĻāĻŦং āϤোāĻŽাāĻ•ে āϏāϰāϞ āĻĒāĻĨে āĻĒāϰিāϚাāϞিāϤ āĻ•āϰেāύ।
  • āĻĒ্āϰেāĻ•্āώাāĻĒāϟ: āĻšুāĻĻাāχāĻŦিāϝ়াāϰ āĻĒāϰ āύাāϝিāϞ āĻšāĻ“āϝ়া āĻāχ āφāϝ়াāϤāϟি āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•া āĻŦিāϜāϝ়āĻ•ে āϏ্āĻĒāώ্āϟ āĻŦিāϜāϝ়” (āĻĢাāϤāĻš āĻŽুāĻŦিāύ) āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āωāϞ্āϞেāĻ– āĻ•āϰে। āĻāϟি āϐāĻļী āϏāĻŽāϰ্āĻĨāύ āĻ“ āĻ•্āώāĻŽাāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āϜোāϰ āĻĻেāϝ়। āĻŽুāĻšাāĻŽ্āĻŽāĻĻ (āϏা.) āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•াāϝ় āĻĒ্āϰāĻŦেāĻļেāϰ āϏāĻŽāϝ় āĻāχ āϏূāϰা āϤিāϞাāĻ“āϝ়াāϤ āĻ•āϰেāύ।

⧍. āϏূāϰা āφāϞ-āĻĢাāϤāĻš (ā§Ēā§Ž:⧍ā§Ē)āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•াāϝ় āĻ•্āώāĻŽা:

  • āφāϰ āϤিāύিāχ āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻšাāϤ āϤোāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻāĻŦং āϤোāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āĻšাāϤ āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•াāϰ āωāĻĒāϤ্āϝāĻ•াāϝ় āĻŦিāϰāϤ āϰেāĻ–েāĻ›েāύ, āϝāĻ–āύ āϤিāύি āϤোāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āĻŦিāϜāϝ়ী āĻ•āϰেāĻ›িāϞেāύ। āφāϰ āφāϞ্āϞাāĻš āϤোāĻŽāϰা āϝা āĻ•āϰো āϤা āϏāϰ্āĻŦāĻĻা āĻĻেāĻ–েāύ।
  • āĻĒ্āϰেāĻ•্āώাāĻĒāϟ: āĻāχ āφāϝ়াāϤ āĻļাāύ্āϤিāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻŦিāϜāϝ়েāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•ৃāϤি āϤুāϞে āϧāϰে, āφāϞ্āϞাāĻšāϰ āĻ­ূāĻŽিāĻ•াāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āϜোāϰ āĻĻেāϝ় āϝিāύি āϰāĻ•্āϤāĻĒাāϤ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāϰোāϧ āĻ•āϰেāύ āĻāĻŦং āϝুāĻĻ্āϧ āĻ›াāĻĄ়াāχ āĻŦিāϜāϝ় āĻĻাāύ āĻ•āϰেāύ।

ā§Š. āϏূāϰা āφāϞ-āĻĢাāϤāĻš (ā§Ēā§Ž:⧍⧭)āĻ­āĻŦিāώ্āϝāĻĻ্āĻŦাāĻŖীāϰ āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖāϤা:

  • āύিāĻļ্āϚāϝ়āχ āφāϞ্āϞাāĻš āϤাঁāϰ āϰাāϏূāϞেāϰ āϏ্āĻŦāĻĒ্āύ āϏāϤ্āϝে āĻĻেāĻ–িāϝ়েāĻ›েāύ। āϤোāĻŽāϰা āĻ…āĻŦāĻļ্āϝāχ āφāϞ-āĻŽাāϏāϜিāĻĻুāϞ āĻšাāϰাāĻŽে āĻĒ্āϰāĻŦেāĻļ āĻ•āϰāĻŦে, āχāύāĻļাāφāϞ্āϞাāĻš, āύিāϰাāĻĒāĻĻে, āĻŽাāĻĨা āĻŽুāĻŖ্āĻĄāύ āĻ•āϰে āĻ“ āϚুāϞ āĻ›োāϟ āĻ•āϰে, āĻ•োāύো āĻ­āϝ় āĻ›াāĻĄ়াāχ। āϤিāύি āϜাāύāϤেāύ āϝা āϤোāĻŽāϰা āϜাāύāϤে āύা, āĻāĻŦং āϤিāύি āĻāϰ āφāĻ—ে āĻāĻ•āϟি āύিāĻ•āϟāĻŦāϰ্āϤী āĻŦিāϜāϝ়েāϰ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāϏ্āĻĨা āĻ•āϰেāĻ›েāύ।
  • āĻĒ্āϰেāĻ•্āώাāĻĒāϟ: āĻāχ āφāϝ়াāϤ āĻŽুāĻšাāĻŽ্āĻŽāĻĻ (āϏা.)-āĻāϰ āĻ•াāĻŦাāϝ় āĻĒ্āϰāĻŦেāĻļেāϰ āϏ্āĻŦāĻĒ্āύেāϰ āĻ•āĻĨা āϏ্āĻŽāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰে, āϝা āĻŦিāϜāϝ়েāϰ āĻŽাāϧ্āϝāĻŽে āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻšāϝ়।

ā§Ē. āϏূāϰা āφāύ-āύাāϏāϰ (ā§§ā§§ā§Ļ:ā§§ā§Š)āĻŦিāϜāϝ় āĻ“ āĻ•ৃāϤāϜ্āĻžāϤা:

  • āϝāĻ–āύ āφāϞ্āϞাāĻšāϰ āĻŦিāϜāϝ় āĻ“ āĻĢāϤāĻš āφāϏāĻŦে, āĻāĻŦং āϤুāĻŽি āĻĻেāĻ–āĻŦে āĻŽাāύুāώ āĻĻāϞে āĻĻāϞে āφāϞ্āϞাāĻšāϰ āĻĻ্āĻŦীāύে āĻĒ্āϰāĻŦেāĻļ āĻ•āϰāĻ›ে, āϤāĻ–āύ āϤোāĻŽাāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻ­ুāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻļংāϏা āϏāĻš āϤাঁāϰ āϤāϏāĻŦীāĻš āĻ•āϰো āĻāĻŦং āϤাঁāϰ āĻ•াāĻ›ে āĻ•্āώāĻŽা āĻĒ্āϰাāϰ্āĻĨāύা āĻ•āϰো। āύিāĻļ্āϚāϝ়āχ āϤিāύি āϤāĻ“āĻŦা āĻ•āĻŦুāϞāĻ•াāϰী।
  • āĻĒ্āϰেāĻ•্āώাāĻĒāϟ: āĻŦিāϜāϝ়েāϰ āĻĒāϰ āύাāϝিāϞ āĻšāĻ“āϝ়া āĻāχ āϏূāϰাāϟি āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•াāĻŦাāϏীāϰ āĻ—āĻŖāĻšাāϰে āχāϏāϞাāĻŽ āĻ—্āϰāĻšāĻŖেāϰ āωāĻĻāϝাāĻĒāύ āĻ•āϰে āĻāĻŦং āĻŽুāĻšাāĻŽ্āĻŽāĻĻ (āϏা.)-āĻ•ে āφāϞ্āϞাāĻšāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻļংāϏা āĻ“ āĻ•্āώāĻŽা āĻĒ্āϰাāϰ্āĻĨāύাāϰ āύিāϰ্āĻĻেāĻļ āĻĻেāϝ়।

ā§Ģ. āϏূāϰা āφāϞ-āĻšুāϜুāϰাāϤ (ā§Ē⧝:ā§§ā§Š)āϏāĻŽāϤা āĻ“ āϤাāĻ•āĻ“āϝ়া:

  • āĻšে āĻŽাāύুāώ, āφāĻŽি āϤোāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āĻĒুāϰুāώ āĻ“ āύাāϰী āĻĨেāĻ•ে āϏৃāώ্āϟি āĻ•āϰেāĻ›ি āĻāĻŦং āϤোāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āϜাāϤি āĻ“ āĻ—োāϤ্āϰে āĻŦিāĻ­āĻ•্āϤ āĻ•āϰেāĻ›ি āϝাāϤে āϤোāĻŽāϰা āĻāĻ•ে āĻ…āĻĒāϰāĻ•ে āϚিāύāϤে āĻĒাāϰো। āύিāĻļ্āϚāϝ়āχ āφāϞ্āϞাāĻšāϰ āĻ•াāĻ›ে āϤোāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āϏāĻŦāϚেāϝ়ে āϏāĻŽ্āĻŽাāύিāϤ āϤিāύি āϝিāύি āϏāĻŦāϚেāϝ়ে āϤাāĻ•āĻ“āϝ়াāĻŦাāύ। āύিāĻļ্āϚāϝ়āχ āφāϞ্āϞাāĻš āϏāϰ্āĻŦāϜ্āĻž, āϏāϰ্āĻŦাāϚ্āĻ›āύ্āύ।
  • āĻĒ্āϰেāĻ•্āώাāĻĒāϟ: āĻŽুāĻšাāĻŽ্āĻŽāĻĻ (āϏা.) āĻāχ āφāϝ়াāϤāϟি āĻŦিāϜāϝ়েāϰ āϏāĻŽāϝ় āϤিāϞাāĻ“āϝ়াāϤ āĻ•āϰেāύ, āϏāĻŽāϤা āĻ“ āϤাāĻ•āĻ“āϝ়াāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āϜোāϰ āĻĻিāϝ়ে āĻ•ুāϰাāχāĻļāĻĻেāϰ āωāĻĻ্āĻĻেāĻļ্āϝে।

ā§Ŧ. āϏূāϰা āχāωāϏুāĻĢ (⧧⧍:⧝⧍)āχāωāϏুāĻĢেāϰ āĻ•্āώāĻŽাāϰ āωāĻĻাāĻšāϰāĻŖ:

  • āϤিāύি āĻŦāϞāϞেāύ, āφāϜ āϤোāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āĻ•োāύো āĻĻোāώাāϰোāĻĒ āĻšāĻŦে āύা। āφāϞ্āϞাāĻš āϤোāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āĻ•্āώāĻŽা āĻ•āϰāĻŦেāύ; āĻāĻŦং āϤিāύি āĻĻāϝ়াāϞুāĻĻেāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āϏāĻŦāϚেāϝ়ে āĻĻāϝ়াāϞু।
  • āĻĒ্āϰেāĻ•্āώাāĻĒāϟ: āĻŽুāĻšাāĻŽ্āĻŽāĻĻ (āϏা.) āĻ•ুāϰাāχāĻļāĻĻেāϰ āĻ•্āώāĻŽা āϘোāώāĻŖাāϰ āϏāĻŽāϝ় āĻāχ āφāϝ়াāϤ āωāĻĻ্āϧৃāϤ āĻ•āϰেāύ, āύāĻŦী āχāωāϏুāĻĢেāϰ āĻ•্āώāĻŽাāϰ āωāĻĻাāĻšāϰāĻŖ āĻ…āύুāϏāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰে।

ā§­. āϏূāϰা āφāϞ-āĻĢীāϞ (ā§§ā§Ļā§Ģ:ā§§ā§Ģ)āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•াāϰ āϏুāϰāĻ•্āώা:

  • āϤুāĻŽি āĻ•ি āĻĻেāĻ–োāύি, [āĻšে āĻŽুāĻšাāĻŽ্āĻŽāĻĻ], āϤোāĻŽাāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻ­ু āĻšাāϤিāϰ āϏাāĻĨীāĻĻেāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āĻ•ী āĻ•āϰেāĻ›েāύ? āϤিāύি āĻ•ি āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻ•āϞ্āĻĒāύাāĻ•ে āĻŦিāĻĢāϞ āĻ•āϰে āĻĻেāύāύি? āĻāĻŦং āϤিāύি āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āĻĒাāĻ–িāϰ āĻাঁāĻ• āĻĒাāĻ িāϝ়েāĻ›েāύ, āϝাāϰা āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āĻļāĻ•্āϤ āĻŽাāϟিāϰ āĻĒাāĻĨāϰ āύিāĻ•্āώেāĻĒ āĻ•āϰāĻ›িāϞ, āĻāĻŦং āϤিāύি āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻ–āĻĄ়েāϰ āĻŽāϤো āϚূāϰ্āĻŖ-āĻŦিāϚূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻ•āϰে āĻĻিāϝ়েāĻ›েāύ।
  • āĻĒ্āϰেāĻ•্āώাāĻĒāϟ: āĻāχ āϏূāϰাāϟি āφāĻŦāϰাāĻšাāϰ āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•া āφāĻ•্āϰāĻŽāĻŖেāϰ āĻŦ্āϝāϰ্āĻĨāϤাāϰ āĻ•āĻĨা āĻŦāϰ্āĻŖāύা āĻ•āϰে (ā§Ģā§­ā§Ļ āĻ–্āϰিāϏ্āϟাāĻŦ্āĻĻ), āϝা āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•াāϰ āĻĒāĻŦিāϤ্āϰāϤা āĻ“ āĻŦিāϜāϝ়েāϰ āĻĒāϟāĻ­ূāĻŽি āϤৈāϰি āĻ•āϰে।

āĻļিāĻ•্āώা āĻ“ āϤাā§ŽāĻĒāϰ্āϝ

āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•া āĻŦিāϜāϝ় āĻ›িāϞ āϰāĻ•্āϤāĻ•্āώāϝ়ী āĻŦিāĻĒ্āϞāĻŦ āύāϝ়, āĻŦāϰং āϐāĻļী āύিāϰ্āĻĻেāĻļিāϤ āĻŦিāϜāϝ় āϝা āφāϰāĻŦ āωāĻĒāĻĻ্āĻŦীāĻĒāĻ•ে āϰূāĻĒাāύ্āϤāϰিāϤ āĻ•āϰে। āĻŽূāϞ āĻļিāĻ•্āώাāĻ—ুāϞো āĻšāϞো:

ā§§. āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻļোāϧেāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āĻ•্āώāĻŽা: āĻŽুāĻšাāĻŽ্āĻŽāĻĻ (āϏা.)-āĻāϰ āĻ•ুāϰাāχāĻļāĻĻেāϰ āĻ•্āώāĻŽা āχāϏāϞাāĻŽেāϰ āĻ•্āώāĻŽাāϰ āύীāϤি āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻĢāϞিāϤ āĻ•āϰে (āϏূāϰা āφāύ-āύাāĻšāϞ ā§§ā§Ŧ:⧧⧍ā§Ŧ)

⧍. āĻāĻ•āϤ্āĻŦāĻŦাāĻĻ āĻĒুāύঃāĻĒ্āϰāϤিāώ্āĻ া: āĻ•াāĻŦাāϰ āĻĒāĻŦিāϤ্āϰāĻ•āϰāĻŖ āĻāϟিāĻ•ে āχāĻŦ্āϰাāĻšিāĻŽেāϰ āωāϤ্āϤāϰাāϧিāĻ•াāϰ āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻĒুāύঃāĻĒ্āϰāϤিāώ্āĻ িāϤ āĻ•āϰে।

ā§Š. āϐāĻ•্āϝ āĻ“ āϏāĻŽāϤা: āĻŦিāϜāϝ় āĻ—োāϤ্āϰীāϝ় āĻļ্āϰেāĻŖিāĻŦিāύ্āϝাāϏ āĻŦিāϞুāĻĒ্āϤ āĻ•āϰে, āχāϏāϞাāĻŽেāϰ āĻ…āϧীāύে āϐāĻ•্āϝ āĻĒ্āϰāϚাāϰ āĻ•āϰে (āϏূāϰা āφāϞ-āĻšুāϜুāϰাāϤ ā§Ē⧝:ā§§ā§Š)

ā§Ē. āϐāĻļী āϏāĻŽāϰ্āĻĨāύ: āĻ•ুāϰāφāύ āĻāχ āĻŦিāϜāϝ়āĻ•ে āφāϞ্āϞাāĻšāϰ āĻŦিāϜāϝ় āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āωāϞ্āϞেāĻ– āĻ•āϰে (āϏূāϰা āφāύ-āύাāϏāϰ ā§§ā§§ā§Ļ:ā§§)

āĻāχ āϘāϟāύা āĻŽুāĻšাāĻŽ্āĻŽāĻĻ (āϏা.)-āĻāϰ āĻŽৃāϤ্āϝুāϰ āφāĻ—ে (ā§Ŧā§Šā§¨ āĻ–্āϰিāϏ্āϟাāĻŦ্āĻĻ) āφāϰāĻŦেāϰ āĻ…āϧিāĻ•াংāĻļāĻ•ে āχāϏāϞাāĻŽে āĻāĻ•āϤ্āϰিāϤ āĻ•āϰে āĻāĻŦং āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•াāĻ•ে āχāϏāϞাāĻŽেāϰ āφāϧ্āϝাāϤ্āĻŽিāĻ• āĻ•েāύ্āĻĻ্āϰ āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāώ্āĻ িāϤ āĻ•āϰে।


āĻ­ুāϞ āϧাāϰāĻŖাāϰ āϏāĻŽাāϧাāύ

āĻ•িāĻ›ু āφāϧুāύিāĻ• āĻŦāϰ্āĻŖāύা, āϝেāĻŽāύ X-āĻ āĻĒোāϏ্āϟ, āĻĻাāĻŦি āĻ•āϰে āϝে āĻ•ুāϰāφāύ āφāϰāĻŦāĻ•ে āϰূāĻĒাāύ্āϤāϰ āĻ•āϰāϤে āĻŦ্āϝāϰ্āĻĨ āĻšāϝ় āĻāĻŦং āĻŽুāĻšাāĻŽ্āĻŽāĻĻ (āϏা.) āĻļুāϧু āϏাāĻŽāϰিāĻ• āĻļāĻ•্āϤিāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āύিāϰ্āĻ­āϰ āĻ•āϰেāύ। āĻāϟি āĻŦিāϜāϝ়েāϰ āϏāϰāϞীāĻ•āϰāĻŖ, āϝা āωāĻĒেāĻ•্āώা āĻ•āϰে:

  • āĻ•ুāϰāφāύেāϰ āφāϧ্āϝাāϤ্āĻŽিāĻ• āφāĻŦেāĻĻāύ, āϝা āĻĒ্āϰাāĻĨāĻŽিāĻ• āύিāϰ্āϝাāϤāύ āϏāϤ্āϤ্āĻŦেāĻ“ āĻŽাāύুāώāĻ•ে āφāĻ•āϰ্āώিāϤ āĻ•āϰে।
  • āĻšুāĻĻাāχāĻŦিāϝ়াāϰ āĻŽāϤো āĻ•ূāϟāύৈāϤিāĻ• āĻĒ্āϰāϚেāώ্āϟা, āϝা āĻļাāύ্āϤিāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻŦিāϜāϝ়েāϰ āĻĒāĻĨ āĻĒ্āϰāĻļāϏ্āϤ āĻ•āϰে।
  • āĻŦিāϜāϝ়েāϰ āĻĒāϰ āĻ—āĻŖāĻšাāϰে āχāϏāϞাāĻŽ āĻ—্āϰāĻšāĻŖ, āϝা āĻŽুāĻšাāĻŽ্āĻŽāĻĻ (āϏা.)-āĻāϰ āĻ•্āώāĻŽা āĻĻ্āĻŦাāϰা āĻĒ্āϰāĻ­াāĻŦিāϤ āĻšāϝ় (āϏূāϰা āφāύ-āύাāϏāϰ ā§§ā§§ā§Ļ:⧍)

āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•া āĻŦিāϜāϝ়েāϰ āĻ•āϝ়েāĻ•āϟি āύিāϰ্āĻĻিāώ্āϟ āĻĻিāĻ• āĻ“ āĻ•ুāϰāφāύি āφāϝ়াāϤ

ā§§. āĻŽুāĻšাāĻŽ্āĻŽāĻĻ (āϏা.)-āĻāϰ āĻ•্āώāĻŽাāϰ āύীāϤি

āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•া āĻŦিāϜāϝ়েāϰ āĻ…āύ্āϝāϤāĻŽ āωāϞ্āϞেāĻ–āϝোāĻ—্āϝ āĻĻিāĻ• āĻ›িāϞ āĻŽুāĻšাāĻŽ্āĻŽāĻĻ (āϏা.)-āĻāϰ āĻĒ্āϰাāĻ•্āϤāύ āĻļāϤ্āϰুāĻĻেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤি āĻ…āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖ āĻ•্āώāĻŽা āĻĒ্āϰāĻĻāϰ্āĻļāύ। āĻŦāĻ›āϰেāϰ āĻĒāϰ āĻŦāĻ›āϰ āύিāϰ্āϝাāϤāύ āϏāϤ্āϤ্āĻŦেāĻ“ āϤিāύি āĻ•ুāϰাāχāĻļāĻĻেāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖ āĻ•্āώāĻŽা āϘোāώāĻŖা āĻ•āϰেāύ, āϝা āχāϏāϞাāĻŽেāϰ āĻ•্āώāĻŽা āĻ“ āĻŽāĻšাāύুāĻ­āĻŦāϤাāϰ āύীāϤিāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻĢāϞāύ। āĻāχ āĻ•্āώāĻŽা āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•াāĻŦাāϏীāϰ āĻšৃāĻĻāϝ় āϜāϝ় āĻ•āϰে āĻāĻŦং āĻ—āĻŖāĻšাāϰে āχāϏāϞাāĻŽ āĻ—্āϰāĻšāĻŖে āĻĒ্āϰāĻ­াāĻŦিāϤ āĻ•āϰে।

  • āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻ•িāϤ āĻ•ুāϰāφāύি āφāϝ়াāϤ: āϏূāϰা āχāωāϏুāĻĢ (⧧⧍:⧝⧍)
    āĻŦাংāϞা āĻ…āύুāĻŦাāĻĻ: “āϤিāύি āĻŦāϞāϞেāύ, ‘āφāϜ āϤোāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āĻ•োāύো āĻĻোāώাāϰোāĻĒ āĻšāĻŦে āύা। āφāϞ্āϞাāĻš āϤোāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āĻ•্āώāĻŽা āĻ•āϰāĻŦেāύ; āĻāĻŦং āϤিāύি āĻĻāϝ়াāϞুāĻĻেāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āϏāĻŦāϚেāϝ়ে āĻĻāϝ়াāϞু।
  • āϤাā§ŽāĻĒāϰ্āϝ: āĻŽুāĻšাāĻŽ্āĻŽāĻĻ (āϏা.) āϏাāĻĢা āĻĒাāĻšাāĻĄ়ে āĻĻাঁāĻĄ়িāϝ়ে āĻ•ুāϰাāχāĻļāĻĻেāϰ āωāĻĻ্āĻĻেāĻļ্āϝে āĻāχ āφāϝ়াāϤ āωāĻĻ্āϧৃāϤ āĻ•āϰেāύ, āύāĻŦী āχāωāϏুāĻĢেāϰ āϤাāϰ āĻ­াāχāĻĻেāϰ āĻ•্āώāĻŽাāϰ āωāĻĻাāĻšāϰāĻŖ āĻ…āύুāϏāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰে। āĻāϟি āĻĻেāĻ–াāϝ় āϝে āχāϏāϞাāĻŽ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻļোāϧেāϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤে āĻ•্āώāĻŽাāĻ•ে āĻĒ্āϰাāϧাāύ্āϝ āĻĻেāϝ়।
  • āϐāϤিāĻšাāϏিāĻ• āϘāϟāύা: āφāĻŦু āϏুāĻĢিāϝ়াāύ, āϝিāύি āĻāĻ•āϏāĻŽāϝ় āĻŽুāϏāϞিāĻŽāĻĻেāϰ āĻŦিāϰুāĻĻ্āϧে āϝুāĻĻ্āϧেāϰ āύেāϤৃāϤ্āĻŦ āĻĻিāϝ়েāĻ›িāϞেāύ, āϤিāύিāĻ“ āĻāχ āĻ•্āώāĻŽাāϰ āĻĢāϞে āχāϏāϞাāĻŽ āĻ—্āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āϰেāύ। āĻŽুāĻšাāĻŽ্āĻŽāĻĻ (āϏা.) āĻŦāϞেāύ, “āϝাāĻ“, āϤোāĻŽāϰা āϏ্āĻŦাāϧীāύ!” āĻāχ āϘোāώāĻŖা āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•াāϰ āĻ…āϧিāĻ•াংāĻļ āĻŦাāϏিāύ্āĻĻাāĻ•ে āχāϏāϞাāĻŽেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤি āφāĻ•ৃāώ্āϟ āĻ•āϰে।

⧍. āĻ•াāĻŦাāϰ āĻĒāĻŦিāϤ্āϰāĻ•āϰāĻŖ

āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•া āĻŦিāϜāϝ়েāϰ āφāϰেāĻ•āϟি āĻ—ুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻĻিāĻ• āĻ›িāϞ āĻ•াāĻŦাāĻ•ে āĻĒৌāϤ্āϤāϞিāĻ• āĻŽূāϰ্āϤি āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻŽুāĻ•্āϤ āĻ•āϰে āĻāϟিāĻ•ে āĻāĻ•āϤ্āĻŦāĻŦাāĻĻেāϰ āωāĻĒাāϏāύা āĻ•েāύ্āĻĻ্āϰ āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻĒুāύঃāĻĒ্āϰāϤিāώ্āĻ া। āĻŽুāĻšাāĻŽ্āĻŽāĻĻ (āϏা.) ā§Šā§Ŧā§Ļāϟি āĻŽূāϰ্āϤি āϧ্āĻŦংāϏ āĻ•āϰেāύ, āϝা āĻ•াāĻŦাāϰ āϚাāϰāĻĒাāĻļে āϏ্āĻĨাāĻĒিāϤ āĻ›িāϞ, āĻāĻŦং āĻāϟিāĻ•ে āχāĻŦ্āϰাāĻšিāĻŽ āĻ“ āχāϏāĻŽাāχāϞেāϰ āύিāϰ্āĻŽিāϤ āĻāĻ•āϤ্āĻŦāĻŦাāĻĻী āωāĻĒাāϏāύাāϞāϝ় āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻĒুāύāϰুāĻĻ্āϧাāϰ āĻ•āϰেāύ।

  • āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻ•িāϤ āĻ•ুāϰāφāύি āφāϝ়াāϤ: āϏূāϰা āφāϞ-āĻĢাāϤāĻš (ā§Ēā§Ž:⧍⧭)
    āĻŦাংāϞা āĻ…āύুāĻŦাāĻĻ: “āύিāĻļ্āϚāϝ়āχ āφāϞ্āϞাāĻš āϤাঁāϰ āϰাāϏূāϞেāϰ āϏ্āĻŦāĻĒ্āύ āϏāϤ্āϝে āĻĻেāĻ–িāϝ়েāĻ›েāύ। āϤোāĻŽāϰা āĻ…āĻŦāĻļ্āϝāχ āφāϞ-āĻŽাāϏāϜিāĻĻুāϞ āĻšাāϰাāĻŽে āĻĒ্āϰāĻŦেāĻļ āĻ•āϰāĻŦে, āχāύāĻļাāφāϞ্āϞাāĻš, āύিāϰাāĻĒāĻĻে, āĻŽাāĻĨা āĻŽুāĻŖ্āĻĄāύ āĻ•āϰে āĻ“ āϚুāϞ āĻ›োāϟ āĻ•āϰে, āĻ•োāύো āĻ­āϝ় āĻ›াāĻĄ়াāχ। āϤিāύি āϜাāύāϤেāύ āϝা āϤোāĻŽāϰা āϜাāύāϤে āύা, āĻāĻŦং āϤিāύি āĻāϰ āφāĻ—ে āĻāĻ•āϟি āύিāĻ•āϟāĻŦāϰ্āϤী āĻŦিāϜāϝ়েāϰ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāϏ্āĻĨা āĻ•āϰেāĻ›েāύ।
  • āϤাā§ŽāĻĒāϰ্āϝ: āĻāχ āφāϝ়াāϤ āĻŽুāĻšাāĻŽ্āĻŽāĻĻ (āϏা.)-āĻāϰ āϏ্āĻŦāĻĒ্āύেāϰ āĻ•āĻĨা āωāϞ্āϞেāĻ– āĻ•āϰে, āϝেāĻ–াāύে āϤিāύি āĻ•াāĻŦাāϝ় āύিāϰাāĻĒāĻĻে āĻĒ্āϰāĻŦেāĻļ āĻ•āϰেāύ। āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•া āĻŦিāϜāϝ়েāϰ āĻŽাāϧ্āϝāĻŽে āĻāχ āĻ­āĻŦিāώ্āϝāĻĻ্āĻŦাāĻŖী āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻšāϝ়, āĻāĻŦং āĻ•াāĻŦা āϤাāϰ āφāϏāϞ āωāĻĻ্āĻĻেāĻļ্āϝে āĻĢিāϰে āφāϏে।
  • āϐāϤিāĻšাāϏিāĻ• āϘāϟāύা: āĻŽূāϰ্āϤি āϧ্āĻŦংāϏেāϰ āϏāĻŽāϝ় āĻŽুāĻšাāĻŽ্āĻŽāĻĻ (āϏা.) āĻŦāϞেāύ, “āϏāϤ্āϝ āĻāϏেāĻ›ে, āĻŽিāĻĨ্āϝা āĻŦিāϞুāĻĒ্āϤ āĻšāϝ়েāĻ›ে।āϤিāύি āĻ•াāĻŦাāϰ āϤাāĻ“āϝ়াāĻĢ āĻ•āϰেāύ āĻāĻŦং āύাāĻŽাāϜ āφāĻĻাāϝ় āĻ•āϰেāύ, āϝা āχāϏāϞাāĻŽেāϰ āĻāĻ•āϤ্āĻŦāĻŦাāĻĻেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤীāĻ•।

ā§Š. āĻļাāύ্āϤিāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻŦিāϜāϝ় āĻ“ āύ্āϝূāύāϤāĻŽ āϰāĻ•্āϤāĻĒাāϤ

āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•া āĻŦিāϜāϝ়āĻ•ে āĻĒ্āϰাāϝ়āĻļāχāĻŦিāĻĒ্āϞāĻŦāĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻ­ুāϞ āĻŦোāĻা āĻšāϝ়, āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āĻāϟি āĻ›িāϞ āĻĒ্āϰাāϝ় āϰāĻ•্āϤāĻĒাāϤāĻšীāύ। āĻŽুāĻšাāĻŽ্āĻŽāĻĻ (āϏা.) āϏ্āĻĒāώ্āϟ āύিāϰ্āĻĻেāĻļ āĻĻিāϝ়েāĻ›িāϞেāύ āϝে āφāĻ•্āϰাāύ্āϤ āύা āĻšāϞে āĻ•োāύো āϏāĻšিংāϏāϤা āĻ•āϰা āϝাāĻŦে āύা। āĻāϟি āĻ•ৌāĻļāϞāĻ—āϤ āĻĒāϰিāĻ•āϞ্āĻĒāύা āĻ“ āϐāĻļী āύিāϰ্āĻĻেāĻļāύাāϰ āĻĢāϞ।

  • āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻ•িāϤ āĻ•ুāϰāφāύি āφāϝ়াāϤ: āϏূāϰা āφāϞ-āĻĢাāϤāĻš (ā§Ēā§Ž:⧍ā§Ē)
    āĻŦাংāϞা āĻ…āύুāĻŦাāĻĻ: “āφāϰ āϤিāύিāχ āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻšাāϤ āϤোāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻāĻŦং āϤোāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āĻšাāϤ āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•াāϰ āωāĻĒāϤ্āϝāĻ•াāϝ় āĻŦিāϰāϤ āϰেāĻ–েāĻ›েāύ, āϝāĻ–āύ āϤিāύি āϤোāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āĻŦিāϜāϝ়ী āĻ•āϰেāĻ›িāϞেāύ। āφāϰ āφāϞ্āϞাāĻš āϤোāĻŽāϰা āϝা āĻ•āϰো āϤা āϏāϰ্āĻŦāĻĻা āĻĻেāĻ–েāύ।
  • āϤাā§ŽāĻĒāϰ্āϝ: āĻāχ āφāϝ়াāϤāϟি āφāϞ্āϞাāĻšāϰ āĻ­ূāĻŽিāĻ•াāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āϜোāϰ āĻĻেāϝ়, āϝিāύি āϰāĻ•্āϤāĻĒাāϤ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāϰোāϧ āĻ•āϰেāύ āĻāĻŦং āĻļাāύ্āϤিāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻŦিāϜāϝ় āύিāĻļ্āϚিāϤ āĻ•āϰেāύ।
  • āϐāϤিāĻšাāϏিāĻ• āϘāϟāύা: āĻļুāϧুāĻŽাāϤ্āϰ āĻ–াāϞিāĻĻ āχāĻŦāύে āĻ“āϝ়াāϞিāĻĻেāϰ āĻĻāϞেāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āϏাāĻŽাāύ্āϝ āĻšাāĻŽāϞা āĻšāϝ়, āϝাāϤে ⧧⧍ āϜāύ āĻļāϤ্āϰু āύিāĻšāϤ āĻšāύ। āĻŽুāĻšাāĻŽ্āĻŽāĻĻ (āϏা.)-āĻāϰ āύিāϰ্āĻĻেāĻļে āĻŦাāĻ•ি āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•া āĻļাāύ্āϤিāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖāĻ­াāĻŦে āύিāϝ়āύ্āϤ্āϰāĻŖে āφāϏে।

ā§Ē. āĻ—āĻŖāĻšাāϰে āχāϏāϞাāĻŽ āĻ—্āϰāĻšāĻŖ

āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•া āĻŦিāϜāϝ়েāϰ āĻĒāϰ āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•াāĻŦাāϏী āĻĻāϞে āĻĻāϞে āχāϏāϞাāĻŽ āĻ—্āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āϰেāύ, āϝা āĻŽুāĻšাāĻŽ্āĻŽāĻĻ (āϏা.)-āĻāϰ āύৈāϤিāĻ• āĻ“ āφāϧ্āϝাāϤ্āĻŽিāĻ• āύেāϤৃāϤ্āĻŦেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻŽাāĻŖ। āĻāϟি āĻ•ুāϰāφāύেāϰ āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻ­āĻŦিāώ্āϝāĻĻ্āĻŦাāĻŖীāϰ āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖāϤা āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻĻেāĻ–া āĻšāϝ়।

  • āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻ•িāϤ āĻ•ুāϰāφāύি āφāϝ়াāϤ: āϏূāϰা āφāύ-āύাāϏāϰ (ā§§ā§§ā§Ļ:ā§§ā§Š)
    āĻŦাংāϞা āĻ…āύুāĻŦাāĻĻ: “āϝāĻ–āύ āφāϞ্āϞাāĻšāϰ āĻŦিāϜāϝ় āĻ“ āĻĢāϤāĻš āφāϏāĻŦে, āĻāĻŦং āϤুāĻŽি āĻĻেāĻ–āĻŦে āĻŽাāύুāώ āĻĻāϞে āĻĻāϞে āφāϞ্āϞাāĻšāϰ āĻĻ্āĻŦীāύে āĻĒ্āϰāĻŦেāĻļ āĻ•āϰāĻ›ে, āϤāĻ–āύ āϤোāĻŽাāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻ­ুāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻļংāϏা āϏāĻš āϤাঁāϰ āϤāϏāĻŦীāĻš āĻ•āϰো āĻāĻŦং āϤাঁāϰ āĻ•াāĻ›ে āĻ•্āώāĻŽা āĻĒ্āϰাāϰ্āĻĨāύা āĻ•āϰো। āύিāĻļ্āϚāϝ়āχ āϤিāύি āϤāĻ“āĻŦা āĻ•āĻŦুāϞāĻ•াāϰী।
  • āϤাā§ŽāĻĒāϰ্āϝ: āĻāχ āϏূāϰাāϟি āĻŦিāϜāϝ়েāϰ āĻĒāϰ āύাāϝিāϞ āĻšāϝ় āĻāĻŦং āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•াāĻŦাāϏীāϰ āĻ—āĻŖāĻšাāϰে āχāϏāϞাāĻŽ āĻ—্āϰāĻšāĻŖেāϰ āĻ•āĻĨা āωāĻĻāϝাāĻĒāύ āĻ•āϰে। āĻāϟি āĻŽুāĻšাāĻŽ্āĻŽāĻĻ (āϏা.)-āĻāϰ āĻŽিāĻļāύেāϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖāϤাāϰ āχāĻ™্āĻ—িāϤ āĻĻেāϝ়।
  • āϐāϤিāĻšাāϏিāĻ• āϘāϟāύা: āφāĻŦু āϏুāĻĢিāϝ়াāύ, āϤাāϰ āĻĒুāϤ্āϰ āĻŽুāϝ়াāĻŦিāϝ়া, āĻāĻŦং āĻ…āύ্āϝাāύ্āϝ āĻ•ুāϰাāχāĻļ āύেāϤাāϰা āχāϏāϞাāĻŽ āĻ—্āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āϰেāύ, āϝা āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•াāϰ āϏাāĻŽাāϜিāĻ• āĻ•াāĻ াāĻŽোāĻ•ে āχāϏāϞাāĻŽেāϰ āĻ…āϧীāύে āĻāĻ•ীāĻ­ূāϤ āĻ•āϰে।

ā§Ģ. āĻšুāĻĻাāχāĻŦিāϝ়াāϰ āϏāύ্āϧিāϰ āĻ­ূāĻŽিāĻ•া

āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•া āĻŦিāϜāϝ়েāϰ āĻĒāϟāĻ­ূāĻŽি āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻšুāĻĻাāχāĻŦিāϝ়াāϰ āϏāύ্āϧি (ā§Ŧ āĻšিāϜāϰি) āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻ—ুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻĻিāĻ•। āĻāχ āϏāύ্āϧি āĻļাāύ্āϤিāϰ āĻĒāĻĨ āĻĒ্āϰāĻļāϏ্āϤ āĻ•āϰে āĻāĻŦং āĻĒāϰāĻŦāϰ্āϤীāϤে āĻ•ুāϰাāχāĻļেāϰ āϚুāĻ•্āϤি āĻ­āĻ™্āĻ— āĻŦিāϜāϝ়েāϰ āύ্āϝাāϝ্āϝāϤা āĻĒ্āϰāĻĻাāύ āĻ•āϰে।

  • āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻ•িāϤ āĻ•ুāϰāφāύি āφāϝ়াāϤ: āϏূāϰা āφāϞ-āĻĢাāϤāĻš (ā§Ēā§Ž:ā§§)
    āĻŦাংāϞা āĻ…āύুāĻŦাāĻĻ: “āύিāĻļ্āϚāϝ়āχ āφāĻŽি āϤোāĻŽাāĻ•ে [āĻšে āĻŽুāĻšাāĻŽ্āĻŽāĻĻ] āĻāĻ•āϟি āϏ্āĻĒāώ্āϟ āĻŦিāϜāϝ় āĻĻাāύ āĻ•āϰেāĻ›ি।
  • āϤাā§ŽāĻĒāϰ্āϝ: āĻāχ āφāϝ়াāϤāϟি āĻšুāĻĻাāχāĻŦিāϝ়াāϰ āϏāύ্āϧিāĻ•েāϏ্āĻĒāώ্āϟ āĻŦিāϜāϝ়āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āωāϞ্āϞেāĻ– āĻ•āϰে, āϝা āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•া āĻŦিāϜāϝ়েāϰ āĻĒāĻĨ āϤৈāϰি āĻ•āϰে।
  • āϐāϤিāĻšাāϏিāĻ• āϘāϟāύা: āĻšুāĻĻাāχāĻŦিāϝ়াāϰ āϏāύ্āϧি āĻŽুāϏāϞিāĻŽāĻĻেāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āĻļাāύ্āϤিāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻĒ্āϰāϚাāϰেāϰ āϏুāϝোāĻ— āĻ•āϰে āĻĻেāϝ়। āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āĻŦāύু āĻŦāĻ•āϰেāϰ āĻšাāĻŽāϞা āϚুāĻ•্āϤি āĻ­āĻ™্āĻ— āĻ•āϰāϞে āĻŽুāĻšাāĻŽ্āĻŽāĻĻ (āϏা.) āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•াāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āĻ…āĻ­িāϝাāύেāϰ āϏিāĻĻ্āϧাāύ্āϤ āύেāύ।

āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•া āĻŦিāϜāϝ়েāϰ āĻāχ āύিāϰ্āĻĻিāώ্āϟ āĻĻিāĻ•āĻ—ুāϞোāĻ•্āώāĻŽা, āĻ•াāĻŦাāϰ āĻĒāĻŦিāϤ্āϰāĻ•āϰāĻŖ, āĻļাāύ্āϤিāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•ৃāϤি, āĻ—āĻŖāĻšাāϰে āχāϏāϞাāĻŽ āĻ—্āϰāĻšāĻŖ, āĻāĻŦং āĻšুāĻĻাāχāĻŦিāϝ়াāϰ āĻ­ূāĻŽিāĻ•াāĻāχ āϘāϟāύাāϰ āφāϧ্āϝাāϤ্āĻŽিāĻ• āĻ“ āϐāϤিāĻšাāϏিāĻ• āϤাā§ŽāĻĒāϰ্āϝ āϤুāϞে āϧāϰে। āĻ•ুāϰāφāύেāϰ āφāϝ়াāϤāĻ—ুāϞো, āĻŦিāĻļেāώ āĻ•āϰে āϏূāϰা āφāϞ-āĻĢাāϤāĻš āĻāĻŦং āφāύ-āύাāϏāϰ, āĻāχ āĻŦিāϜāϝ়āĻ•ে āϐāĻļী āύিāϰ্āĻĻেāĻļāύাāϰ āĻĢāϞ āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āωāĻĒāϏ্āĻĨাāĻĒāύ āĻ•āϰে।

 

āωāĻĒāϏংāĻšাāϰ

ā§Ž āĻšিāϜāϰিāϰ āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•া āĻŦিāϜāϝ় āĻāĻ•āϟি āϰূāĻĒাāύ্āϤāϰāĻ•াāϰী āϘāϟāύা āϝা āĻāĻ•āϤ্āĻŦāĻŦাāĻĻী āωāĻĒাāϏāύাāϞāϝ় āĻ“ āύ্āϝাāϝ়āĻŦিāϚাāϰেāϰ āϏāĻŽাāϜেāϰ āĻ•ুāϰāφāύি āĻĻৃāώ্āϟিāĻ­āĻ™্āĻ—ি āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻ•āϰে। āϏূāϰা āφāϞ-āĻĢাāϤāĻš āĻāĻŦং āĻ…āύ্āϝাāύ্āϝ āφāϝ়াāϤ āĻĻ্āĻŦাāϰা āĻĒāϰিāϚাāϞিāϤ āĻāϟি āĻŽুāĻšাāĻŽ্āĻŽāĻĻ (āϏা.)-āĻāϰ āύেāϤৃāϤ্āĻŦ, āĻ•্āώāĻŽা āĻāĻŦং āχāϏāϞাāĻŽেāϰ āύীāϤিāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤি āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻļ্āϰুāϤি āĻĒ্āϰāĻĻāϰ্āĻļāύ āĻ•āϰে। āĻāϟি āϰāĻ•্āϤāĻ•্āώāϝ়ী āĻŦিāĻĒ্āϞāĻŦ āύāϝ়, āĻŦāϰং āĻ•ৌāĻļāϞāĻ—āϤ āĻ“ āφāϧ্āϝাāϤ্āĻŽিāĻ• āĻŦিāϜāϝ় āϝা āφāϰāĻŦ āωāĻĒāĻĻ্āĻŦীāĻĒāĻ•ে āĻĒুāύāϰ্āĻ—āĻ āύ āĻ•āϰে āĻāĻŦং āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•াāϰ āχāϏāϞাāĻŽে āϚিāϰāϏ্āĻĨাāϝ়ী āĻ­ূāĻŽিāĻ•া āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāώ্āĻ িāϤ āĻ•āϰে। āφāϰāĻ“ āĻŦিāϏ্āϤাāϰিāϤ āϜাāύāϤে āĻ•ুāϰāφāύ, āϏāĻšীāĻš āĻŦুāĻ–াāϰি āĻāĻŦং āχāĻŦāύে āĻšিāĻļাāĻŽেāϰ āϐāϤিāĻšাāϏিāĻ• āĻŦিāĻŦāϰāĻŖ āĻĻেāĻ–ুāύ।

 

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